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This course examines the lives, philosophies, contributions, and legacies of three leaders in the struggles of people of African descent for civil rights and racial empowerment of Blacks in the 20th century. Specifically, we will explore how their lives, ideas, and actions may have affected our personal lives and social discourse on race, identity, and progress of Blacks in the 21st century. In reading both primary and interpretive texts of these individuals, we will explore the connections, the differences, and the similarities between the experiences of Blacks in America and in South Africa.